Surgical retrieval of sperm directly from the testes, known as TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction), is used in cases where no sperm are present in the man's ejaculate, or where they are present in extremely low numbers and show abnormalities in shape or development.
The aim of the procedure is to obtain viable sperm directly from testicular tissue, which can then be used to fertilise an egg using the ICSI method.
The procedure is usually performed under short-term general anaesthesia. The doctor removes a small sample of tissue from the testicle, which is then processed in an andrology laboratory. An andrologist examines the sample under a microscope, identifies any sperm present and assesses their quality and motility.
If a sufficient number of suitable sperm are found, they can be:
Used immediately to fertilise an egg using the ICSI method
Frozen (cryopreserved) for later use – for example, in a subsequent IVF cycle
Freezing sperm has an important advantage: the man does not have to undergo the surgical procedure again if further treatment is needed.
Absence of sperm in the ejaculate (azoospermia)
Presence of only dead sperm in the ejaculate (necrospermia)
When sperm cannot be obtained by any other method
After vasectomy
The procedure is usually performed under short-term general anaesthesia, so you do not feel pain during the procedure. After the procedure, you may feel sensitivity or pain in the testicular area, which usually subsides within a few days.
Usually 1–3 days of rest are recommended. It is advisable to avoid major physical exertion and bathing for at least 14 days. In case of increased sensitivity, pain medication may be used.
Yes, in the case of planned IVF, both procedures are coordinated.
If no sperm are found in the sample, another treatment option is the use of donor sperm.
Yes, if the testicles continue to produce sperm, TESE can be repeated in indicated cases.
Hlinky 144, 603 00 Brno, CZ
Hlinky 144, 603 00 Brno, CZ
